✨Tổng thống Tây Ban Nha

Tổng thống Cộng hòa () là chức danh của nguyên thủ quốc gia Đệ nhị Cộng hòa Tây Ban Nha (1931–1939). Chức danh tổng thống dựa trên mô hình của Cộng hòa Weimar, có nhiều nét giống của cả chế độ tổng thống Pháp và tổng thống Hoa Kỳ.

Tây Ban Nha có hai nền cộng hòa trong lịch sử, với thể chế nhà nước khác nhau, danh xưng tổng thống Tây Ban Nha xuất hiện vào thời đệ nhị cộng hòa.

Đệ nhất Cộng hòa Tây Ban Nha (1873–74)

Following the abdication of Amadeo I on 10 February 1873, the short-lived First Republic (1873–74) had four heads of state (officially, Presidents of the Executive Power): Estanislao Figueras, Pi i Margall, Nicolás Salmerón, and Emilio Castelar.

Chủ tịch hội đồng hành pháp Đệ nhất Cộng hòa

On the eve of the pronunciamiento. (coup d'état) of 3 January 1874, General Pavia sent for Francisco Serrano y Domínguez take to the leadership. Serrano took the title of president of the executive and he continued at the end of December 1874 when the Bourbons were restored by another pronunciamiento.

Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939)

Following the abdication of Alfonso XIII on 14 April 1931, there was no official head of state, meaning that the Prime Minister was, in effect, the highest office in the land. Niceto Alcalá-Zamora assumed the new role of President of the Republic, the effective head of state, after the approval of the new Constitution in December 1931. Manuel Azaña remained as Prime Minister, head of the government, until 12 September 1933.

Presidents (Prime Ministers) of the Provisional Government of the Republic

Presidents of the Republic

With Franco's victory imminent, a National Council of Defense was established to negotiate a peace settlement with the Nationalists. By this point, Franco effectively had military control of the whole country.

Presidents of the National Council of Defense (Republican Zone)

Fall of the Republic

On 27 February 1939, after both France and the United Kingdom had recognised Franco's military victory, President Manuel Azaña, exiled in France, resigned. The following week, the so-called Casado's Coup against Prime Minister Negrín's government led to the creation of the National Defence Council which attempted, unsuccessfully to negotiate terms, with Franco breaking off talks motu proprio. Following Franco's final offensive at the end of March 1939, the Republic fell.

Presidents of the Spanish Republic in exile (1939–1977)

Timeline